It is disconcerting and very upsetting to find out or to suspect that someone you work with, who does the same job as you, is getting paid more than you. Most of us, when faced with that situation, will feel very aggrieved and want to do something about it. However, there may be a whole host of reasons for the difference in pay and for that reason, it’s sensible to try and find out some more information before burning bridges.
This is a complex area of law but essentially, an employee is entitled to contractual terms (which actually goes further than just pay, though that is what most complaints focus on) which are as favourable as those of a comparator of the other gender who is doing equal work or work of equal value. However, a difference in terms between genders is permitted if the reason for that difference is not directly or indirectly discriminatory (known as a ‘genuine material factor’).
In the first instance, you should approach whoever within the business has responsibility for pay and HR matters. You should express to them your concerns that there is a disparity in pay which you are not sure can be explained or justified. At this stage, you should probably avoid making any allegations of unequal pay or discrimination as this is likely to be inflammatory and it may be that the difference in pay has nothing to do with gender. It is likely that they might ask you to put your concerns in writing and to confirm whether or not you want to bring a formal grievance. Ultimately, it might be necessary to go down this route but if possible, it would be good to have as much information as you can get so that you, and whoever advises you, can assess the strength of the argument. At this stage, you should focus on:
Ideally, you want to know how much your comparable colleagues are paid. However, the pay of an identifiable individual is personal data so your employer will be cautious of its data protection obligations in responding to any request for this information.
The increased obligations which businesses are coming under to report on their gender pay gap are likely to lead to much greater awareness of where there may be pay disparities. Our specialist Employment team have considerable experience of advising employees in this area and because of the complexities of it, we would strongly recommend that you take advice from us at an early stage so that you can understand fully what your rights and options might be and know how to deal with problems that might arise, particularly around the disclosure of information.
As general points, gather evidence or documents (while everything is fresh in your mind) that shows how your targets have changed (particularly if there is any evidence to suggest the new targets are unreasonable, unachievable or out of your control), or task lists/Job Descriptions showing the changes to responsibilities.
If you would like to exit your employment under a negotiated agreement, please refer to the specific FAQ on this.
If you feel unhappy with the way you are being treated by your employer, and want to raise this so it can be resolved, please refer to the specific FAQ on this.
As general points, gather evidence, names of witnesses, or documents (while everything is fresh in your mind) that shows how your boss has been discriminating against you.
Discrimination in employment is a complex area of the law, so we recommend taking advice at an early stage. The characteristics that are protected in our equality laws are:
There are also various different types of discrimination to consider including: direct, indirect, harassment, and victimisation, that need careful consideration in making any claim.
If you feel that your employer’s conduct is so serious as to leave you no choice but to resign, please refer to the specific FAQ on constructive dismissal. We recommend that you take advice from our specialist employment team before doing so. The employer’s conduct must be sufficiently serious to justify your resignation, not something minor. It must go to “the root of the contract of employment” so it is quite a high threshold to reach.
If you would like to exit your employment under a negotiated agreement, please refer to the specific FAQ on this.
If you feel unhappy with the way you are being treated by your employer, and want to raise this so it can be resolved, please refer to the specific FAQ on this. Your employer may have a section of their Grievance policy (or a separate policy) that covers how you should raise any complaint about a ‘Dignity at Work’ issue, which you should follow.
It’s important to realise you are not alone and that there is legal protection which can be sought.
Becoming a director of a limited company is a big responsibility, and there are a number of things you must do. As the South West’s number one corporate team for SMEs, Stephens Scown are here to assist you to understand and undertake those responsibilities. Do watch our video: https://tinyurl.com/ybperhls
Yes, anyone can ask for mediation at any time, although there is no legal right that the employer should arrange this if asked.
Mediation is usually helpful where there is a dispute between 2 colleagues or between you and the company, where there is still a desire to work out the problem and maintain good relationships. It is particularly useful in resolving issues to enable parties to carry on working together.
A trained mediator guides you through the process and helps you identify the real issues and come up with ideas to improve things. They do this mainly by asking questions but if you find it helpful they can use their experience to make suggestions. You will decide if you want to take up these ideas. A mediator won’t take sides or judge who is right or wrong. Because the aim is to repair working relationships, the mediator will help you focus on the future, not the past. Those involved will usually be given a written copy of anything that is agreed.
The cost of a mediator is usually paid by the employer, but with agreement it can be shared.
If you feel unhappy with the way you are being treated by your employer, please refer to the specific FAQ on this.
If you feel you are being bullied or harassed at work, please refer to the specific FAQ on this.
To some degree, the answer to this is, “it depends”. Anyone wanting to bring a claim in the Employment Tribunal must generally do so within three months of the date of dismissal/resignation or the act complained of (although there is some ability for that deadline to be extended in certain circumstances). Before you can submit a claim to the Employment Tribunal, you must contact ACAS and enter into Early Conciliation via th website form, which can then extend the deadline for submitting a claim. The standard Early Conciliation period, which can be used to see if your claim can be settled, lasts for one month and can be extended once by up to 14 days.
Once the Early Conciliation period has been completed, you can submit your claim. The Employment Tribunal will serve it on your employer and unless an extension of time is agreed, they then have 28 days to respond.
Thereafter, the timeline for your claim is subject to any case management orders which may be given. There are various stages to every claim including the exchanging of relevant documents, the preparation of a schedule of loss, the drafting of witness statements and, of course, the final hearing. A timetable will be set between the parties and in agreement with the Tribunal (usually at a preliminary hearing, which will often be by telephone) for each of these stages and penalties can be imposed for a failure to comply with the timetable. The listing of the final hearing will be subject to the workload of the Tribunal, the number and complexity of issues to be determined and the availability of witnesses but you could reasonably expect it to take six months to a year to get a hearing date. Judgment may be reserved following the hearing and may not be sent for another month or so, though it must be sent within a reasonable time.
We have a wealth of experience within the team of advising employees on claims and representing them in the Employment Tribunal. If you are contemplating bringing a claim against your employer, it is important that you get advice as early as possible in the process so you can prepare fully and be in the best possible position to be successful. We would be happy to explore the different funding options with you.
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